Related: input cost = price - profit Costs include: Land: Finite resources must be owned For Product to avoid paying rent. Capital: Tools are transformations of land that must be owned to avoid paying profit. Work: Jobs are a problem to be reduced when property and promises are For Product. Procurement: Initial purchase Installation: tools, materials, labor Access: External taxes or uncontrollable alien fees or rent. Insurance: Same as Replacement cost? Maintenance: tools, materials, labor Replacement: Same as Procurement + Installation? Pollution: noise, smell, poison Risk: Any attempt at production may fail Security: The need for locks, cameras, patrolling, etc. is inversely related to abundance of the product being protected. Storage: Shelter, temperature, shade, ventilation, bedding Exclusion: Space, time, mass and energy are exclusive. You can plant a finite number of trees in a finite space. A finite number of people can fit in a car. etc.